GM–GS–XG quick reference

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This is a help page listing which MIDI messages can be used for common things across General MIDI, Roland GS and Yamaha XG.

Note that there doesn't seem to be a formal GS standard that is publicly available, so the Roland SC-55mkII manual is the best reference for GS.

Control Change messages
Ctrl # Controller name General MIDI Roland GS Yamaha XG Notes
0 Bank Select MSB ❌ *️⃣[1] *️⃣[2] On GS, this selects variation instruments.
On XG, this selects banks. Common numbers:
  • 0 = most normal/melody instruments[2]
  • 64 = SFX voices[2]
  • 126 = SFX kits[2]
  • 127 = drumkits (sets part to drum mode)[2]
1 Modulation ✅[3] ✅[1] ✅[4] On GS and XG, this is Vibrato by default[1][4]
5 Portamento time ❌ ✅[1] ✅[5] Value 0 is shortest/fastest.[1][5] On XG, it is cent-linear.[5]
6 Data entry MSB *️⃣ *️⃣[1] *️⃣[5] (Used for RPNs and NRPNs)
7 Volume ✅[3] ✅[1] ✅[5]
10 Pan ✅[3] ✅[1] ✅[5]
11 Expression ✅[3] ✅[1] ✅[5] On GS, this is multiplied with Volume to control overall volume.[1]
32 Bank Select LSB ❌ ❌[1] ✅[2] On GS/the SC-55, this does nothing. But the SC-88 onwards use this to select maps:
  • 0 = default
  • 1 = SC-55
  • 2 = SC-88
  • 3 = SC-88 Pro
  • 4 = SC-8850/SC-8820

On XG, this selects extension instruments.[2]

38 Data entry LSB *️⃣ *️⃣[1] *️⃣[5] (Used for RPNs and NRPNs)
64 Sustain
or Hold1[6]		 ✅[3] ✅[6] ✅[7] 0–63 = Off, 64–127 = On.[6][7]
65 Portamento ❌ ✅[6] ✅[7] 0–63 = Off, 64–127 = On.[6][7]
66 Sostenuto ❌ ✅[6] ✅[7] 0–63 = Off, 64–127 = On.[6][7]
67 Soft
or Soft Pedal[8]		 ❌ ✅[6] ✅[8]
71 Sound Controller 2
or Harmonic Content		 ❌ ❌ ✅[8] On XG, relative adjustment of filter resonance (64 is zero change).[8]
Not supported on GS, but there is an NRPN. (TODO: Some later Sound Canvas models respond to this also. Which?)
72 Sound Controller 3
or Release Time		 ❌ ❌ ✅[8] On XG, relative adjustment of envelope release time (64 is zero change).[8]
Not supported on GS, but there is an NRPN. (TODO: Some later Sound Canvas models respond to this also. Which?)
73 Sound Controller 4
or Attack Time		 ❌ ❌ ✅[8] On XG, relative adjustment of envelope attack time (64 is zero change).[8]
Not supported on GS, but there is an NRPN. (TODO: Some later Sound Canvas models respond to this also. Which?)
74 Sound Controller 5
or Brightness		 ❌ ❌ ✅[9] On XG, relative adjustment of filter cutoff (64 is zero change).[9]
Not supported on GS, but there is an NRPN. (TODO: Some later Sound Canvas models respond to this also. Which?)
84 Portamento Control ❌ ✅[6] ✅[9] Value is MIDI note number.[6] On XG, ignores Portamento Time (always 0).[9]
91 Effect 1 depth
or Reverb send[6]		 ❌ ✅[6] ✅[9] On GS and XG: Reverb send level[9][6]
93 Effect 3 depth
or Chorus send[6]		 ❌ ✅[6] ✅[9] On GS and XG: Chorus send level[9][6]
94 Effect 4 depth
or Variation send		 ❌ ❌ ✅[9] On XG: Variation send level.[9]
Not supported on GS/SC-55, but SC-88 and onwards use this for Delay Send Level.[10]
96 Data increment ❌ ❌ *️⃣[11] (Used for RPNs and NRPNs) (TODO: check this)
97 Data decrement ❌ ❌ *️⃣[11] (Used for RPNs and NRPNs) (TODO: check this)
98 NRPN LSB ❌ *️⃣[6] *️⃣[11] (Used for NRPNs)
99 NRPN MSB ❌ *️⃣[6] *️⃣[11] (Used for NRPNs)
100 RPN LSB *️⃣ *️⃣[12] *️⃣[13] (Used for RPNs)
101 RPN MSB *️⃣ *️⃣[12] *️⃣[13] (Used for RPNs)
RPN messages
RPN
MSB 		RPN
LSB 		RPN name General MIDI Roland GS Yamaha XG
0 0 Pitch Bend Sensitivity ✅[3] ✅[12] ✅[14]
0 1 Fine Tuning ✅[3] ✅[12] ✅[14]
0 2 Coarse Tuning ✅[3] ✅[12] ✅[14]

(TODO: add non-GS XG NRPNs)

NRPN messages
NRPN
MSB 		NRPN
LSB 		NRPN name General MIDI Roland GS Yamaha XG Notes
1 8 Vibrato Rate[11] ❌ ✅[6] ✅[11] Relative adjustment (64 is zero change)
1 9 Vibrato Depth[11] ❌ ✅[6] ✅[11] Relative adjustment (64 is zero change)
1 10 Vibrato Delay[11] ❌ ✅[6] ✅[11] Relative adjustment (64 is zero change)
1 32 Filter Cutoff Frequency[11]
or TVF cutoff frequency[6]		 ❌ ✅[6] ✅[11] Relative adjustment (64 is zero change)
1 33 Filter Resonance[11]
or TVF resonance[6]		 ❌ ✅[6] ✅[11] Relative adjustment (64 is zero change)
1 99 EG Attack Time[11]
or TVF&TVA Env. Attack time[6]		 ❌ ✅[6] ✅[11] Relative adjustment (64 is zero change)
1 100 EG Decay Time[11]
or TVF&TVA Env. Decay time[6]		 ❌ ✅[6] ✅[11] Relative adjustment (64 is zero change)
1 102 EG Release[15]
or TVF&TVA Env. Release time[6]		 ❌ ✅[6] ✅[15] Relative adjustment (64 is zero change)
24 (key #) Drum Pitch Coarse[13]
or Pitch coarse of drum instrument[6]		 ❌ ✅[6] ✅[13] Relative adjustment (64 is zero change)
26 (key #) Drum Level[13]
or TVA level of drum instrument[6]		 ❌ ✅[6] ✅[13]
28 (key #) Drum Pan[13]
or Panpot of drum instrument[6]		 ❌ ✅[6] ✅[13]
29 (key #) Drum Reverb Send[13]
or Reverb send level of drum instrument[6]		 ❌ ✅[6] ✅[13]
30 (key #) Drum Chorus Send[13]
or Chorus send level of drum instrument[6]		 ❌ ✅[6] ✅[13]

References

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 Roland SC-55mkII Owner's Manual, page 90.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Yamaha XG Specifications, v 2.00, page 16.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 General MIDI System Level 1 Specification, page 2
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Yamaha XG Specifications, v 2.00, page 17.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 Yamaha XG Specifications, v 2.00, page 18.
  6. ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 6.19 6.20 6.21 6.22 6.23 6.24 6.25 6.26 6.27 6.28 6.29 6.30 6.31 6.32 6.33 6.34 6.35 6.36 6.37 6.38 6.39 6.40 Roland SC-55mkII Owner's Manual, page 91.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Yamaha XG Specifications, v 2.00, page 19.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 Yamaha XG Specifications, v 2.00, page 20.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 Yamaha XG Specifications, v 2.00, page 21
  10. ↑ Roland SC-88 Owner's Manual, page 7 - 22.
  11. ↑ 11.00 11.01 11.02 11.03 11.04 11.05 11.06 11.07 11.08 11.09 11.10 11.11 11.12 11.13 11.14 11.15 11.16 11.17 Yamaha XG Specifications, v 2.00, page 22
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 Roland SC-55mkII Owner's Manual, page 92.
  13. ↑ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 Yamaha XG Specifications, v 2.00, page 23
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Yamaha XG Specifications, v 2.00, page 24
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Yamaha XG Specifications, v 1.32, page 13 (omitted in v 2.00; by mistake maybe?)

See also

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